Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passageinto Chinese.
The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign state in WesternEurope, occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital andlargest city is Dublin, whose metropolitan area is home to around a quarter ofthe country’s 4.6 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land borderwith Northern Ireland. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an electedpresident serving as head of state. The head of government is nominated by thelower house of parliament.
爱尔兰共和国是一个位于西欧的主权国家，约占爱尔兰岛六分之五的面积。其首都也是其最大的城市是都柏林，该国460万人口的四分之一生活在这座城市中。该国与北爱尔兰共享着唯一的陆地边界。这是一个统一的议会制共和国，由选举产生总统作为该国的元首，政府首脑由议会下院提名。
Following the Irish War of Independence and thesubsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland gained effective independence from theUnited Kingdom in 1922. Initially a dominion within the British Empire, Irelandreceived official British recognition of full legislative independence in theStatute of Westminster of 1931. A new constitution was adopted in 1937, by thename of the state Ireland. In 1949, Ireland was declared a republic under theRepublic of Ireland Act 1948.
伴随着爱尔兰独立战争和随后签署的英爱条约,爱尔兰于1922年脱离英国获得有效的独立。它最初是大英帝国统治下的一个自治领，爱尔兰的全面立法独立地位于1931年威斯敏斯特条例中得到英国政府的官方认可。新宪法在1937年被采纳,国家定名为爱尔兰。1949年,爱尔兰根据1948年爱尔兰共和国法案被宣布为共和国。
Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the worldin terms of GDP per capita. After joining the European Economic Community in1973, Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted inrapid economic growth, coupled with a dramatic rise in inequality. The countryachieved considerable prosperity from 1995 to 2007. This was halted by anunprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with theconcurrent global economic crash.
从人均国内生产总值而言，爱尔兰跻身世界上最富裕国家的行列。在1973年加入欧洲经济共同体之后,爱尔兰颁布了一系列的自由经济政策促使其经济快速增长,同时也出现了一种越发明显的不平等现象。从1995年到2007年该国取得了相当大的繁荣。这种繁荣被始于2008年的一场前所未有的金融危机以及同时出现的全球经济崩溃所断送。
In 2011 and 2013,Ireland was ranked as the seventh-most developed country in the world by theUnited Nations Human Development Index. It also performs well in freedom of thepress, economic freedom and civil liberties. It pursues a policy of neutralitythrough non-alignment.
在2011年和2013年,爱尔兰被联合国人类发展指数列为世界上第七个最发达国家。在新闻自由,经济自由和公民自由方面该国也表现突出，并通过不结盟方式奉行中立政策。
The population ofIreland stood at 4,588,252 in 2011, an increase of 8.2 percent since 2006. Asof 2011, Ireland had the highest birth rate in the European Union (16 birthsper 1,000 of population). In 2012, 35.1 percent of births were to unmarriedwomen. Annual population growth rates exceeded 2 percent in the immigration. Thisrate declined somewhat during the subsequent 2006-2011 period, with an averageannual growth rate of 1.6 percent.
2011年爱尔兰的人口达4，588，252, 自2006年以来增长了8.2%。截至2011年,爱尔兰在欧盟中拥有最高的出生率(出生人口达千分之十六)。在2012年出生的35.1%的人属未婚女性。年度移民人口增长率超过了2%。这个速度在随后2006 - 2011年期间有所下降,平均年增长率为1.6%。
Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of genderequality. In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe,and second-most charitable in the world. Contraception was controlled inIreland until 1979. However, the receding influence of the Catholic Church hasled to an increasingly secularized society. In 1983, the Eighth Amendmentrecognized the “the right to life of the unborn”, subject to qualificationsconcerning the “equal right to life” of the mother. The passage of theThirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments guarantees the right to have an abortionperformed abroad, and the right to learn about “services” that are illegal inIreland but legal abroad. The prohibition on divorce in the 1937 Constitutionwas repealed in 1995 under the Fifteenth Amendment. Divorce rates in Irelandare very low compared to European Union averages while the marriage rate inIreland is slightly above the European Union average.
爱尔兰是世界上排名第五的性别平等国家。2011年,爱尔兰在欧洲名列最慈善的国家及世界上第二大慈善国。1979年之前避孕得到控制。然而,天主教会的影响日益衰弱导致了社会的日益世俗化。1983年,第八修正案对“未出生的生命权利”予以认可,赋予母亲“生命平等权利”的资格。十三、十四修正案确保在国外执行堕胎的权利，同时公民有权知晓“堕胎服务”在爱尔兰为非法但在国外为合法。在1937年宪法中规定禁止离婚的条例于1995年被第十五修正案所废除。离婚率在爱尔兰与欧盟平均水平相比还是非常低的，爱尔兰结婚率略高于欧盟平均水平。
Capital punishment is constitutionally banned in Ireland,while discrimination based on age, gender, sexual orientation, marital orfamilial status, religion, and race is illegal.
Ireland became the first country in the world tointroduce an environmental levy for plastic shopping bags in 2002 and a publicsmoking ban in 2004. Recycling in Ireland is carried out extensively, andIreland has the second-highest rate of packaging recycling in the EuropeanUnion.
在爱尔兰，虽然年龄、性别、性取向、婚姻或家庭地位,宗教和种族等歧视是非法的，但是死刑是宪法所禁止的。2002年，爱尔兰成为世界上第一个引入对塑料购物袋征收环境税的国家。2004年该国禁止在公共场所吸烟。回收利用在爱尔兰进行得非常广泛,爱尔兰的包装回收在欧盟位居第二。
Section 2. Chinese-EnglishTranslation (50 points)
Translate the following passageinto English.
不冲突不对抗，是构建中美新型大国关系的必要前提。
译1：No conflict or confrontation is the prerequisite for thenew model of major-country relations between the United States and China.
译2：No conflict or confrontation constitutes the prerequisitefor the new model of major-country relationship between the United States andChina.
有研究显示，历史上大约有过15次新兴大国的崛起，其中有11次与既有大国之间发生了对抗和战争。
译1：According to some study of history, there have been about15 cases of rise of emerging powers. In 11 cases, confrontation and war brokeout between the emerging and the established powers.
译2：Study indicates that there were historically about 15cases of rise of emerging powers, and in 11 cases, confrontation and war brokeout between the emerging and the established powers.
但现在的世界已今非昔比，中美之间乃至全球各国之间已是日趋紧密的利益共同体。
译1：However, we now live in a different world. China and theUnited States and in fact all countries in the world are part of a community ofshared interests.
译2：But the world is no longer what it used to be. China andthe United States as well as all countries in the world have now become agrowingly close community of shared interests.
对抗将是双输，战争没有出路。
译1：Neither of us will benefit from confrontation. War willget us nowhere.
译2：Confrontation means mutual losses and war means no wayout.
译3：Confrontation will lead to mutual losses and war will leadus nowhere.
不冲突、不对抗的宣示，就是要顺应全球化潮流，改变对中美关系的负面预期，解决两国之间的战略互不信，构建对中美关系前景的正面信心。
译1：No conflict or confrontation means that we need to followthe trend of globalization, reverse negative projections of China-US relations,address strategic distrust and build confidence in the future of China-USrelations.
译2：The declaration of no conflict or confrontation suggeststhat we should follow the trend of globalization, change the negativeprojections of China-US relations, address the mutual strategic distrust andbuild up the positive confidence in the future of China-US relations.
相互尊重，是构建中美新型大国关系的基本原则。
译1：Mutual respect is a basic principle for this new model.
译2：Mutual respect stands for a basic principle for this newmodel.
世界是多样的，中美作为两个社会制度不同、历史文化背景各异，同时又利益相互交织的大国，相互尊重就显得尤为重要。
译1：We live in a world of rich diversity. For China and theUnited States, two major countries different in social system, history andculture yet connected by intertwined interests, mutual respect is all the moreimportant.
译2：The world is of great diversity. Despite the differencesin social system, history and culture between China and the United States, bothare connected by intertwined interests, and mutual respect is of particularimportance.
我们只有相互尊重对方人民选择的制度与道路，相互尊重彼此的核心利益与关切，才能求同存异，进而聚同化异，实现两国的和谐相处。
译1:Only by respectingeach other’s system and path chosen by their people, as well as each other’score interests and concerns can we seek common ground while reservingdifferences and, on that basis, expand common ground and dissolve differencesso that China and the United States will be able to live together in harmony.
译2：We should respect each other’s system and path chosen byeach people as well as each other’s core interests and concerns before we canseek common ground while shelving differences and we can further expand commonground while dissolving differences in order that China and the United Stateswill be able to live together in harmony.
合作共赢，是中美构建新型大国关系的必由之路。
译1：Win-win cooperation is the only way to turn the visioninto a reality.
译2：Cooperation and mutual gains constitute the only way toachieve the major-country relations between China and the United States.
中美双方在双边关系各领域都有着广泛合作需求和巨大合作潜力。
译1：There is an enormous need and vast potential forbilateral cooperation in all fields.
译2：In the bilateral cooperation in all fields, China and theUnited States hold extensive needs and great potential.
此外，作为两个大国，环顾当今世界，从反恐到网络安全，从核不扩散到气候变化，从中东和平到非洲发展，也都离不开中美两国的共同参与、合作和贡献。
译1：Besides, the world certainly needs China and the UnitedStates, two major countries with great influence, to work together andcontribute on issues ranging from counterterrorism to cyber security, fromnuclear non-proliferation to climate change, and from peace in the Middle Eastto Africa’s development.
译2：In addition, the world will not go forward without theinvolvement, cooperation and contribution of China and the United States as twomajor countries on issues ranging from counterterrorism to cyber security, fromnuclear non-proliferation to climate change, and from peace in the Middle Eastto Africa’s development.
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